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Aleksandr Romanovic Lurija (or Luria) was born
to Kazan (Russian) from one well-off Hebrew family. The Roman father, was
a famous doctor, writer of a monography of psychosomatic.Lurija graduated
itself in natural sciences to Kazan, in the same university where he
studied Lenin. It been interested young of psycology and in particular
about psychoanalysis, to nineteen years he founded Psychoanalytical
Society of Kazan, receiving one letter of approval from Freud.
Lurija started to work in Psychiatric Clinical of Kazan, where between several the patients he visited the grandaughter of Dostoevskij. In 1923 he transferred to Moscow where was name scientific secretary of Institute of Psycology -Moscow- and also secretary of Moscow Psychoanalytical Society. The carried out one in the interests in Lurija had place as he has more times confirm after the encounter with Vygotskij. Lurija with an other psychologist, Leont'ev joined to Vygotskij for studing the social cultural factors of the cognitive development. In the thirties the separation from Vygotskij motivated from theoretical problems and from the difficult ideological-political situation happened in which the same Vygotskij was found. Lurija began to study medicine and it was graduated to Moscow in 1936 and he began to work to the Institute of Neurosurgery -Moscow-.In war-time he directed the Hospital for the Rehabilitation of Neurosurgery, for the wounded of war in the Urali Southern. Through the study of hundred of cerebro-damaged soldiers, it could elaborate a review of the conceptions on disturbs of the language and to propose one new theory in the work" Traumatic Aphasia" (1947). To the Session of 1950 about Pavlov, Lurija was criticized for its conceptions on the cerebral functions and he was forced to move to Institute of Defectology. In this period he lead several searches about the language of the children with mental delay. To the end of the years' 50 after the carried out ideology and politics he could return to work to the Institute of Neurosurgery. In 1970 he published "The Functional Organization of the Brain" synthesis of its neuropsycological theory. In the last years he wrote"Neuropsychology of the memory" and "Brain and Language". Lurija died in 1977. Lurija is considered from some like the maximum of the neuropsichology of this century, he paid very many in the years'50, his antipavlovism and his condition of Hebrew but he created its "happy isle" for being able to continue with serenity his searches on the brain (he was the only one to arrived regularly reviews and books from the West and that the foreign students, once to Moscow, went endured to visit him). |
ALEKSANDR R. LURIJA